Ratchet-wrench.



No. 732,055. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

A. DONAVAN. RATGHET WRENCH.

L10 FILED l n, 12. 1903 S14/vanto@ witwmw rtkur ozmgu-ayb Egt! r l I l l 'Jfmmq 4 UNTTED STATES Patented June 30, 1903.

ARTHUR DONAVAN, OF MASON -CITY, ILLINOIS.

RATCHET-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 732,055, dated June 30, 1903` Application tiled March 12, 1903. Serial No. 147,519. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Beitknown that I,ARTHURDONAVAN,a citizen of the United States, residing at Mason Oity, in the county of Mason and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet-Wrenches,of which the following is a specification.

This invention provides a tool or implement of the wrench type to enable parts tobe forcibly rot-ated, such as nuts, pipes, or other bars.

An essential feature of the invention is the construction of the tool whereby the grip upon the object to be turned is not released,

the operation of the tool.

For a full description o f the invention'and the merits thereof and also to acquire a knowledge of the details of construction of the means for effecting the result reference is to be had to the following description and drawings hereto attached. v

While the essential and characteristic features of theinvention are susceptible of modification, still the preferred embodiment of the invention is illustratedV in the accompanying drawings, in which'- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench embodying theinvention. Fig. 2 isa section on the line X X of Fig. l looking to the rear, as indicated by the arrow, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the rotary head. Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section showing the operatingshaft in full lines.' Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. f1, showing the operating-shaft disconnected from the screw-shaft of the rotary head. Fig. (i is a section on the line Y Y of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a detail view of the head portion of the wrench, showing the rotary head turned so as to" span the opening in the head of the handle and one of the Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and indicated in all the views of the drawings by the same reference characters.

The tool comprises a handle l, which is longitudinally bored to receive the operatingshaft 2 and is provided at one end with a head 3 of approximately circular form and composed ofspaced parts, said head having an opening 4 in one side to admit of ingress and egress of the pipe, rod, or other work. The head 3 may be an integral part of the handle or may comprise separate parts secured thereto in any substantial manner to admit of the ready assemblingr of the parts or access being had thereto for repairs or other purpose. A Theoperating-shat't2isprovidedatitsouter end with a button or wheel 5 to admit of force being applied thereto for turning shaft 2 in any direction. Openings 6 are provided in the periphery of button or wheel 5 to receive a rod or like instrument when great force is required to turn shaft 2 so as to firmly grip the Work to be operated on. Shaft2 is mounted in'handle l both for rotary and sliding -movement and is normally held pressed inward by means of a spring 7, mounted thereon and confined between a shoulder 8 of shaft 2 and shoulder E) of handle 1, the opening through the handle being enlarged for reception ofsaid spring` The innerend of shaft 2 is reduced and made angular, as shown at 10, so as to make interlocking connection with the screw-shaft 11, whereby shafts 2 and 11 may be turned either to the right or tothe left as one part. The sliding, movement of shaft 2 admits of it being coupled to 0r disconnected from shaft 11,- and when uncoupled it is held against tension of spring 7 by means of catch 12,'which is pivoted to one end of handle l and operated on by spring 13, so as to project it into engagement with shaft 2. In the economy ot' construction` the catch 12 is disposed so as to engage over the shoulder 14, formed at the base ofthe reduced angular portion 10, as shown most clearly in Fig. 5. i

The rotaryhead 15 is mountedin'head 3, so as to turn in either direction, and is provided With an annular enlargement 16 to come between the spaced parts of head 3, so

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as to hold rotary head 15 against lateral displacement. The rotary head 15 is recessed in one side or provided with an opening 17 to receive the work. The parts bordering upon recess 17 constitute fixed jaws, one of the jaws being plain, as shown at 18, and the other toothed, as' shown at 19. When the rotary head l15 occupies a position so that opening 17 registers with opening 4, the work may be conveniently placed in position or withdrawn by relative lateral movement of the wrench, as will be readily comprehended. A movable jaw 2O is slidably mounted in the opening or recess 17 and is provided with two faces 2l and 22, the face 21 being plain to cooperate with jaw 18, and the face 22 being toothed for cooperation with jaw 19. The jaws 18 and 21 are adapted to grip angular or irregular work, whereas jaws 19 and 22 are adapted to grip pipe, rods, or analogous round work, so as to prevent slipping. The jaw 2O is directed in its movements and held inl place by suitable guides formed at the inner side of opening or recess 17, as shown most clearly in Fig. 2. A threaded opening 23 is formed through the inner end of jaw 20 and receives the screw-shaft 11, journaled at its ends in the head 15, preferably at the base of jaws 18 and 19, said screw-shaft serving as means for positively moving jaw 2O toward and from 4jaws 18 and 19. The screw-shaft 11 projects at its inner end and is constructed to admit of coupling and uncoupling shaft 2. As shown, a socket 24 is provided at the inner end of screw-shaft 11, and its opening is made angular to receive the angular end 10 of shaft 2 when parts 2 and 11 are coupled for simultaneous rotation.

A series of cogs 25 are provided in one side of head 15 and constitu te ratchet-teeth for cooperation with pawls 26 and 27, pivoted to a side of head 3 and'connected by rod 28 for simultaneous movement. A barrel 29 is pivoted at one end to a side of handle 1 and receives a spring-actuated stem 30, pivoted to pawl 27 at the elbow and at a distancefrom the pivotal connection 3l of said pawlwith the tool-handle. The pawls 26 and 27 are double-ended, so as to be turned to admit of either arm or member being broughtint-o operative position, according as the head 15 is to be turned either to the right or to the left when handle 1 is oscillated. The pawls 26 and 27 are spaced apart a distance greater than the distance between the outer ends of jaws 18 and 19, so that when head 15 occupies a position with recess i7 opposite one of the pawls the other pawl is in position to engage with the ratchetteeth 25. At other times both pawls coperate with the ratchetteeth of head 15 to effect a turning thereof by a ratchet movement. The sole purpose of providing two sets of paws 26 and 27is to enable head 15 to be turned at any position with :reference to the handle.

When it is required to forcibly and positively grip a piece of work, head 15 is turned to bring shafts 2 and 11 into alinement, and same are coupled, and after the work has been introduced between the jaws shaft 2 is turned in the proper direction, which causes a corresponding movement of shaft 11 and' longitudinal movement of jaw 20, whereby the object placed between the selected jaws is gripped. After the work has been thus gripped shaft 2 is moved outward to disengage it from shaft 11 and is held out of they path of shaft 11 by catch 12 engaging over shoulder 14 in the lnanner stated. By oscillating handle 1 in the usual manner the head 15 is turned by a ratchet movement, the direction of rotation depending upon the position of pawls 26 and 27. After the work has been turned and the shafts 2 and 11 have been caused to aline said work is released by coupling shaft2 to shaft ll'and rotating same in the opposite direction to'move jaw20 away from the cooperating jaw, as will bereadily comprehended.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is- 1. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, a rotary head journaledthereto and provided with an opening through an edge and with ratchet-teeth, and two sets of pawls applied to the handle and spaced apart to admit of engagement of one at least with the ratchet-teeth of the rotary head at any position with reference to the handle, and means for causing simultaneous adjustment of said pawls, substantially as set forth.

2. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, a rotary head journaled thereto and provided with an opening through an edge and with ratchet-teeth, two sets of pawls applied IOC to the handle and spaced apart to admit of engagement of one at least with the ratchetteeth of the rotary head at any position with reference to the handle, means for connecting the pawls to effect simultaneous adjustment, and a cooperating spring for holding the pawls in an adjusted position, substantially as set forth.

3. In a wrench, the combination -of a handle, a rotary head journaled thereto and provided with an opening through an edge and with ratchet-teeth, two sets of pawls applied to the handle and spaced apart to admit of engagement of one at least with the ratchetteeth of the rotary head at any position with reference to the handle, means for connecting the pawls for simultaneous movement, and a spring-actuated stein pivotally connected with one of the pawls and havinglike connection with the handle, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR DONAVAN. [L. s]

Witnesses: Y

W. H. KEEFER, JUD DAVIS.

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